Paper: Ultimate Disposal of Waste Waters by Deep Well Injection

The final disposition of difficult-to-treat waste water, e.g., brines and of the residues resulting from the treatment and renovation of waste waters, e.g., sludges, is generally termed "ultimate disposal". The techniques of ultimate disposal include the treatment, handling, or placement of the waste in such a manner that it never comes in contact with human activities while in its noxious form. Solutions to the ultimate disposal problem include: (1) subsurface storage; (2) conversion of wastes to innocuous end products; (3) storage in lagoons and ponds, or spreading; (4) ocean disposal; and (5) conversion to useful products.