During the past three years, regulatory agencies and industry have given increased attention to protection of surface and ground water from all types of pollution. Because of this publicity some may think that water pollution is a new problem. This certainly is not the case. In many instances, the pollution problem has been masked by the geographic size of the State, the availability of water for dilution purposes, and the lack of exploration for and use of ground water. Therefore, more cases of pollution are being identified as greater development of water resources occurs. Historically, several State agencies had been involved in varying degrees with pollution control activities. These agencies had specific areas of responsibility, and generally worked independently of each other. In an effort to coordinate the pollution control activities of the various State agencies, House Bill 24 (Article 7621d) was passed by the Texas Legislature in 1961 to establish the Water Pollution Control Board. This law represents a new approach to pollution control administration and enforcement.

Energy Economizer Technology (EET) introduces a new approach to motor control. 50 granted USA and International patents say it provides power management that is truly different from familiar old-technology motor-control processes. The vital role AC electric motors play in profit return on investment is universal. They are the "motive resource" that turn the wheels of productivity in every industry; the Petroleum Industry's dependency on motors is a prime example. When pump motors stop, profit stops and "downtime" costs begin. This condition spans the globe. It is as true in developing countries as it is in Texas. Every country depends on electric motors for internal operations and growth by export dollars. As is true with other resources, motors that are managed are the most productive. Unmanaged motors start with avoidable electro-mechanical stress and full voltage is applied during light loads where a lesser current would reduce energy waste, life-shortening heat damage and increase production "uptime." A large percentage of "downtime" cost could be avoided by supervisors who turn power off to protect motors and conserve energy by making manual adjustments. Manual control for hundreds of millions of motors by "human" supervisors is not feasible. Most AC motors waste some energy as life shortening heat and rely on thermal devices or fuses for protection. Even though such means prevent single-event catastrophic failures, some motor damage inevitably occurs with each over-current fault; especially with mechanical locked-rotor events. Controlling power is an improvement over direct-on-line operation. But familiar voltage ramp "soft" starters, even new ones upgraded with the latest microprocessors, are limited by the "design approach" that earned the name: Motor Controller. The old familiar approaches literally control power to the motor. Prior technology relies on measurements compared to arbitrary software or hardware references the designer believes will control motor performance under conditions that are "anticipated". The motor becomes a "design-controlled" item. Energy Economizer Technology relies on natural properties of standard induction motors as the controlling elements of a "power management system" that: (1) commands start acceleration, (2) adjusts run torque in proportion to work demand and (3) includes diagnostics that protectively respond to electro-mechanical faults. The EET approach empowers THE MOTOR to command current in response to conditions and work of a moment without comparison to programmable, arbitrary references; "designer anticipation" of such conditions is not a performance factor. A novel communications and power control system are united by the EET process.

Stable foam has been used to drill large diameter near-gauge holes at increased penetration rates in low and high temperature formations and in top hole drilling in West Texas. The use of stable foam in conjunction with hydraulic snubbing units and reeled pipe units has been successfully used for a variety of well servicing operations under substantial wellhead pressure. Jobs are completed at less cost than those where killing fluids are used; and formation damage is minimized or eliminated.

The major portion of domestic oil is produced by rod pumping systems. Of the total 527,000 domestic oil wells 403,000 are rod pumped. In 1971, $157.5 million was spent for labor and material for downhole repair of these wells. This amount does not include production losses while the wells were being serviced. In that the average pulling job cost was $418.63l it is possible that the production losses exceeded this direct maintenance cost. When the total cost for maintenance and the volume of oil produced are considered, it is evident that even a small decrease in maintenance or a small increase in producing efficiency can have a significant economic impact. This paper considers the development of a new concept for controlling and monitoring rod-pumped oil wells. The development of the hardware and the techniques for implementing the concept are an integral portion of the consideration.

A new approach to pumping multiple completion oil wells with minimum surface equipment is by the use of a Siamese Dual pumping unit. Torque factor analysis, unit operation, and economic factors will be discussed.

The petroleum industry has had to curtail incoming manpower in the last few years due to a changing economic landscape. This change has made optimal use of engineering resources imperative. The optimization need not cause major upheavals within the industry. A shift in managerial thinking and a strategic integration of engineers and engineering managers into functional syndicates will aid in tapping the engineering energy and expertise present in an organization. The human brain processes information in several ways. Individually, these brain processing patterns determine how a person perceives and processes information. If the various processing mechanisms are drawn together, a powerful decision-making/problem-solving entity is formed. The discipline of petroleum engineering possesses within it areas of expertise that require different information processing mechanisms. All of these areas require, to a degree, the linear, exacting method of problem-solving common to all forms of engineering. Further differences exist, however, between the various functions of petroleum engineering. A reservoir engineer must have the ability to see a geologic structure thousands of feet below the earth's surface and envision the ebb and flow of fluids within the porous rock. A production engineer is required to monitor the operation of pumping units, tank batteries, and similar equipment in order to optimize well productivity. In many engineers, these functions overlap, but both functions require separate information processing systems. The reservoir engineer must access his spatial, or analog, system, and the production engineer must access his mechanical, or digitai, system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a sample of petroleum engineers to determine the presence or absence of definitive information processing patterns within assigned functional classifications. The results of this study could provide petroleum engineering managers a means of tailoring engineering teams to work with optimal effectiveness both together and separately. The concept may further be extended to the management of a company by choosing managers to operate in particular capacities according to their information processing and managerial styles. The identification of brain dominance patterns may become invaluable in the strategic development of companies over the long term by providing a method to optimize the resource of engineering expertise available.

The "Permeator" completion technique is a new approach toward obtaining complete zone coverage and provides a means of controlling the performance of the producing formation throughout the life of the well. Added benefits include maximum protection of cement bonding and reduction of hole-to-hole communication.