Artificial Lift

Unconventional wells are drilled in shale formations to produce oil and gas utilizing horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing. Many think fracturing creates a ‘rubble zone’ around the wellbore allowing the free oil and gas to be produced. 

Unconventional wells are generally drilled “vertical” and then “kicked-off”, building the curve and then continuing to drill horizontally at a targeted...

Deviated wellbores, whether intentional or unintentionally drilled, are becoming ever more common. Rod-on-tubing friction occurs as a result of these wellbore deviations. This friction has a detrimental effect on the longevity of the equipment through accelerated mechanical wear. Downhole friction can also obscure analysis and optimization as the friction distorts the calculated downhole...

During the hydraulic fracturing age, hydraulic jet pumps have seen an increase of installation numbers across the most prolific unconventional well fields in the United States of America, as well as in overseas oil and gas fields. Its simplicity, reliability, robustness, and adaptability have made the jet pump one of the known artificial lift systems on the production of unconventional wells...

Gas and sand interference remain one of the most common challenges in the vast majority of wells in the Permian Basin. Gas interference can lead to poor pump efficiency and severe sand issues can lead to sticking and excessive wear and tear to the pump – both of which lead to unnecessary operational expenses and even well failure. Recognizing the ineffectiveness and shortcomings of current models...

Sucker rod pump or “rod pump” is a common method of artificial lift for oil and gas wells in the United States. For decades well analysts and production engineers have looked at surface and downhole dynamometer cards to diagnose various downhole and surface equipment issues alike. In more recent years, helpful rod pump diagnostic tools have aided well analysts and production engineers in training...

The most common well profiles for reciprocating rod lift applications are deviated and highly corrosive wells. Many newly drilled horizontal wells exhibit moderate to severe deviations which require the pump to be set in the curve to produce intended target zones; resulting in a challenging environment for rod lift systems to successfully operate. These wells tend to be accompanied by corrosion...

Longer laterals, better perforations and larger frac jobs have all enabled increased production capabilities, yet production optimization practices have remained stagnant and, in doing so, limit the ability to draw wells down more aggressively. The data provided in the most common fluid level processes does not meet the challenges generated by fluctuating well dynamics and conditions. The...

Deviated wells have now been the standard form of drilling, increasing well life and production but also creating challenges in the Artificial Lift System, specifically the Reciprocating Rod Lift (RRL). With aggressive drilling deviations rod string guiding becomes a requirement, landing pumps in 45+° zones a normal, and gas mitigation a complete necessity to achieve target productions. 

In 2018...

In the past 10 years, drilling methods have drastically reduced the time it takes to drill wells. This is especially true in today’s unconventional shale market where 20,000 ft wells are being drilled in under 14 days. This increase in drilling rates along with increasing depths and deviations has presented many challenges for the conventional rod lift system, which was designed to last for ten...

One requirement of a Class VI Underground Injection Control permit involves continuous monitoring and reporting of injection pressure. Wells in pilot and commercial scale carbon dioxide (CO2) storage sites are equipped with devices that measure pressure and flow rate during injection operations. Downhole device failures have occured during CO2 injection operations in projects, which prevent bottom...