Ryan Dodson and Davi Lacerda
Champion X
Harmonic Mitigation Challenges in Unconventional ESP Applications 1. OBJECTIVES/SCOPE: Modern oil field producers face increasing pressure from utilities regarding harmonic compliance, and harmonic-related penalties can be severe. A more effective approach for mitigating VSD-induced power harmonics is presented, in which the unique electrical requirements of unconventional ESP applications are considered. The results of a field study demonstrate how a unique application of passive filter technology is far superior (both in technical performance and cost/benefit to the customer) when compared to outdated 12,18,24 pulse drive architectures and even AFE technology. 2. METHODS, PROCEDURES, PROCESS: Ensuring optimal harmonic reduction for VSD/ESP applications requires a more comprehensive approach, as well as a new application of established technology and new monitoring methods. Historical load analysis, field survey data (direct harmonic measurements), and consideration of future electrical loading changes must all be taken into account in a successful project. Moreover, verifying harmonic mitigation compliance in line with applicable standards requires new measurement methods, technologies, and planning. 3. RESULTS, OBSERVATIONS, CONCLUSIONS By focusing on field-scale harmonic reduction as opposed to performance at individual well sites, a better outcome for the customer and the supplying utility can be achieved. A field harmonics study encompassing 22 individual well sites is presented and harmonic current distortion reduction results out-perform utility requirements. Comparisons of various mitigation topologies are presented as they relate to the unique challenges of steep production decline applications, as well as challenging modern oilfield power quality environments. A new passive harmonic mitigation architecture is presented that adapts to changing electrical load, ensuring harmonic reduction is optimized as electrical loading declines. In addition, harmonic measurement methods and monitoring are discussed as they relate to recent changes in IEEE and IEC standard requirements and as an effective means of managing the routine maintenance requirements of passive harmonic filters. 4. NOVEL/ADDITIVE INFORMATION This paper will present realistic considerations and examples of real world results for the specifying engineer, when considering harmonic mitigation technology in unconventional VSD/ESP applications. In addition, new methods of employing remote power quality monitoring are presented which can prove invaluable to continued, reliable operation and compliance with applicable standards.